M5.4 Earthquake 122 km WNW of Pangai, Tonga — July 18, 2021
2021-07-18 00:36:33 UTC (2021-07-18) · approx. 12:36 PM UTC-12 local
On July 18, 2021 at 00:36 UTC, a magnitude 5.4 intermediate depth earthquake struck 122 km WNW of Pangai, Tonga, at a depth of 215.5 km and coordinates -19.2250°, -175.3456°. The USGS PAGER system issued a green alert level for this event, indicating no significant casualties or damage expected. The nearest populated place is Pangai (population 1,738).
Physical scale: An earthquake of magnitude 5.4 releases seismic energy equivalent to roughly 2 kilotons of TNT. Empirical fault-scaling laws (Wells & Coppersmith, 1994) estimate the subsurface rupture length at approximately 3.2 km — a useful intuition for the size of the slip patch on the fault.
The epicenter is located in Tonga, a region characterized by the Tonga-Kermadec subduction zone, where the Pacific Plate descends at up to 240 mm per year — the fastest plate convergence on Earth. The nearest mapped fault system is the Tonga Trench. View all earthquakes in Tonga.
Learn more: Magnitude scale · Aftershock sequences
Nearest Populated Places
ShakeMap — predicted shaking intensity
Modeled ground-motion intensity contoured on the Modified Mercalli scale (MMI). Computed by the USGS from the moment-tensor solution and regional ground-motion prediction equations.
Source: U.S. Geological Survey ShakeMap. View interactive ShakeMap on USGS
Population exposure (USGS PAGER)
Estimated population that experienced each level of shaking. Based on the USGS PAGER rapid impact assessment, which combines ShakeMap output with global population grids.
| Shaking intensity (MMI) | Description | Population exposed |
|---|---|---|
| MMI 3 | weak | 21,214 |
Earthquake Details
-175.3456°E
Technical Information
Nearby Earthquakes (Last 7 Days)
Common Questions
How strong was the magnitude 5.4 earthquake near Pangai, Tonga?
The magnitude 5.4 earthquake that struck 122 km WNW of Pangai, Tonga on July 18, 2021 at 00:36 UTC had a depth of 215.5 km. For context, this was a moderate earthquake that could be widely felt.
Where did the earthquake occur?
The earthquake epicenter was located at -19.2250°, -175.3456°, which is 122 km WNW of Pangai, Tonga. The nearest populated place is Pangai (population 1,738). View all earthquakes in Tonga.
Were there aftershocks?
Aftershock activity is monitored continuously by the USGS. Aftershock sequences from magnitude 5.4 earthquakes can continue for days to weeks and gradually diminish over time.
Has Tonga had earthquakes this big before?
The largest recorded earthquake in Tonga was the M8.1 Tonga Trench earthquake of June 26, 1917. Today's magnitude 5.4 event is significantly smaller than that historical record.
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Location
Authoritative source: USGS event page (event ID: us7000en1d). All scientific values on this page are sourced verbatim from the USGS feed.
Cite this page: EarthquakeTracker.org. (2021, July 18, 2021). M5.4 Earthquake 122 km WNW of Pangai, Tonga — July 18, 2021. Retrieved December 22, 2025 from https://www.earthquaketracker.org/earthquakes/event/us7000en1d/